韵母 Finals     

现代汉语普通话的语音共有三十九个韵母，韵母是由元音或元音加鼻辅音构成的，可分为三类。
(1)只包含一个元音的是单韵母，如a,o.
(2)包含两三个元音的是复韵母，如ai,ua,iao.
(3)包含一两个元音和一个鼻音韵尾的是鼻韵母，如an,üan,eng,iong.

The phonetic symbols of putonghua (Standard Chinese) in Modern Chinese comprises 39 finals that are composed of voedls or vowel followed by nasal consonants. These finals fall into three categories:
(1)simple finals which have only a single vowel, eg. a,o;
(2)multi-finals which have two or three vowels, eg. ai,ua,iao;
(3)nasal finals which consist of one or two vowlels and a nasal consonant’s eg. an,üan,eng,iong.

音节 Syllables

   汉语里大多数音节是由声母、韵母和声调三部分构成的。少数音节只有韵母和声调，没有声母。普通话的章节共有一千二百多个。
    Most Syllables in Chinese are composed of initials, finals and tones. A small number of syllables, however,have only finals and tones, but not initials, eg. There are as many as 1200 syllables in putonghua

    声调 Tones

    汉语是有声调的语言。普通话语音有四个基本声调，可分别用符号表示如下。

Chinese is a tonal language. There are four basic tones in putonghua as shown by the following tone  marks.
(1)第一声 The first tone高平调，用声调符号“-”表示，如mā。
The High and level Tone shown by "-", eg.
(2)第二声 The second tone 升调，用声调符号“ˊ”表示，如má。
The Rising Tone shown by"ˊ" eg.
(3)第三声 The third tone 降升调，用声调符号“ˇ”表示，如mǎ。
The Falling-and-Rising Tone shown by "ˇ" eg.
(4)第四声 The fourth tone 降调，用声调符号“ˋ”表示，如mà。
The Falling Tone shown by "ˋ"   eg.

(2)o口半开，舌位稍高，圆唇。
o The mouth is half open. The tongue is flat and at its lowest position. The lips are not rounded.

    韵母 Finals

    现代汉语普通话的语音共有三十九个韵母。韵母是由元音或元音加鼻辅音构成原，可分为三类。
(1)只包含一个元音的是单韵母，如a,o.
(2)包含两三个元音的是复韵母，如ai,ua,iao.
(3)包含一两个元音和一个鼻音韵尾的是鼻韵母，如an,üan,eng,iong.
The phonetic symbols of putonghua (Standard Chinese) in Modern Chinese comprises 39 finals that are composed of voedls or vowel followed by nasal consonants.
These finals fall into three categories:
(1)simple finals which have only a single vowel, eg. a,o;
(2)multi-finals which have two or three vowels, eg. ai,ua,iao;
(3)nasal finals which consist of one or two vowlels and a nasal comsonant’ eg.an,üan,eng,iong.

    音节 Syllables

汉语里大多数音节是由声母、韵母和声调三部分构成的。少数音节只有韵母和声调，没有声母。普通话的音节共有一千二百多个。
Most Syllables in Chinese are composed of initials, finals and tones, but not initials, eg. There are as many as 1200 syllables in putonghua.

    声调 Tones

    汉语是有声调的的话言。普通话语音有四个基本声调，可分别用符号表示如下。
Chinese is a tonal language. There are four basic tones in putonghua as shown by the following tone  marks.
(1)第一声 The first tone高平调，用声调符号“-”表示，如mō。
The High and level Tone shown by "-", eg.
(2)第二声 The second tone 升调，用声调符号“ˊ” 表示，如mó。
The Rising Tone shown by"ˊ" eg.
(3)第三声 The third tone 降升调，用声调符号“ˇ”表示，如mǒ。
The Falling-and-Rising Tone shown by "ˇ" eg.
(4)第四声 The fourth tone 降调，用声调符号“ˋ”表示，如mò。
The Falling Tone shown by "ˋ"   eg.

发音要领
Essentials of Pronunciation

(3)e开口度和舌位与o相同，但不圆唇。可先发o，然后嘴角稍向两边展开。
The opening of the mouth and the position of the tongue are identical with that for "o", but the lips are not rounded. It can be produced by pronouncing "O" and then spreading the lips towards the two sides.

韵母 Finals

现代汉语普通话的语音共有三十九个韵母。韵母是由元音或元音加鼻辅音构成的，可分为三类。
(1)只包含一个元音的是单韵母，如a,o.
(2)包含两三个元音的是复韵母，如ai,ua,iao.
(3)包含一两个元音和一个鼻音韵尾的是鼻韵母，如an,üan,eng,iong.
The phonetic symbols of putonghua (Standard Chinese) in Modern Chinese comprises 39 finals that are composed of voedls or vowel followed by nasal consonants. These finals fall into three categories:
(1)simple finals which have only a single vowel, eg. a,o;
(2)multi-finals which have two or three vowels, eg. ai,ua,iao;
(3)nasal finals which consist of one or two vowlels and a nasal consonant’s eg. an,üan,eng,iong.

音节 Syllables

汉语里大多数音节是由声母、韵母和声调三部分构成的。少数音节只有韵母和声调，没有声母。普通话的章节共有一千二百多个。
Most Syllables in Chinese are composed of initials, finals and tones. A small number of syllables, however,have only finals and tones, but not initials, eg. There are as many as 1200 syllables in putonghua

声调 Tones

汉语是有声调的语言。普通话语音有四个基本声调，可分别用符号表示如下。
Chinese is a tonal language. There are four basic tones in putonghua as shown by the following tone? marks.
(1)第一声 The first tone高平调，用声调符号“-”表示，如mē。
The High and level Tone shown by “-”, eg.
(2)第二声 The second tone 升调，用声调符号“ˊ” 表示，如mé。
The Rising Tone shown by“ˊ” eg.
(3)第三声 The third tone 降升调，用声调符号“ˇ”表示，如mě。
The Falling-and-Rising Tone shown by “ˇ” eg.
(4)第四声 The fourth tone 降调，用声调符号“ˋ”表示，如mè。
The Falling Tone shown by “ˋ” eg.